Thursday, June 13, 2013

Apple building a $100 iPhone in a variety of colors, planning 5-inch iPhablets for next year

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Thursday, June 13, 2013
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Thursday Highlights: US Department of Justice may have misfired with "smoking gun" email from Steve Jobs to Eddy Cue, which now appears to have been a draft, actual email paints far different picture argue Apple lawyers; Eddy Cue set to take stand today, being seen as central witness, center of scandal says DOJ; more in our Apple/Macintosh section; Tim Worstall at Forbes on whether or not iOS 7 is hurting innovation; at The Guardian, Steve Rose explains rationale for Apple's move away from skeuomorphism; Jonny Evans ponders why Apple is going to upgrade their entire ecosystem this Fall; Jason O'Grady on the reasons behind Apple choosing iTunes Radio model over streaming of their vast catalog; Macworld UK lists what developers think of OS X Mavericks from a power user perspective; Mactuts+ illustrates ins and outs of configuring your Mac for easy remote support; Macworld explains Safari for newbies; what is the most frustrating change in Mavericks?; transferring of apps between developers no longer difficult process thanks to iTunes Connect; what is Apple's share of the e-book market? Bigger than you think says AllThingsD, about 20%; App Advice points to Apple's new "impressive" Making A Difference videos; BMI apparently set to sue Pandora over licensing fees; down in our Hardware/Software section Reuters cites sources that believe bigger iPhones with multiple colors are a reality, larger screens in 4.7, 5.7 inch sizes, said to be available in August; Apple applies for patents covering a new tablet cover, wearable computer, among others; Macworld UK reviews the new MacBook Air, says battery life is "amazing"; Fortune's JP Mangalindan's hands-on leaves him concluding this might just be "the ultimate thin-and-light laptop"; more reviews of iOS 7 features from iLounge, Macworld, Electronista, iDownload Blog; and are you ready for Plants vs. Zombies 2? Reviews from Mashable, T3; Macworld takes you through the steps to make your iPad kid-friendly; ReadWrite breaks down all app designers need to know about iOS 7 changes; CNET's Maggie Reardon attempts to answer reader questions on whether or not iOS 7 will make an older iPhone feel like a new one; Nilay Patel at The Verge argues that bravado from Apple's Phil Schiller actually "clouds the company's real challenges".

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Thu Jun 13
"Apple building a $100 iPhone in a variety of colors, planning 5-inch iPhablets for next year" 9 to 5 Mac 8:14 AM
  • "Samsung Display to Supply LCDs for New iPad Models"?Korea IT News?5:07 PM
  • "Apple may not be ready to quit Samsung just yet"?BGR?5:07 PM
  • "Apple looking at bigger iPhone screens, multiple colours - sources"?Reuters?8:05 AM
  • "Apple looking at 5.7-inch iPhone, claims report: Apple is considering iPhones as large as 5.7 inches to match product offerings from Samsung, says Reuters."?CNET News?8:05 AM
  • "Apple building a $100 iPhone in a variety of colors, planning 5-inch iPhablets for next year"?9 to 5 Mac?8:14 AM
  • "Apple considering plastic iPhones with 4.7" and 5.7" screens, available in multiple colors"?The Next Web?8:19 AM
  • "Apple considering iPhone models with 4.7-inch and 5.7-inch screens"?Digital Trends?8:23 AM
  • "Apple Reportedly Trying 4.7- and 5.7-Inch Screens On iPhones Next Year, Cheaper Model Coming In Fall"?TechCrunch?8:23 AM
  • "Apple eyes 5.7 inch iPhone: report"?ZDNet?8:13 AM
  • "'Intensive delivery' of budget iPhone parts reportedly underway, August availability"?iDownload Blog?8:39 AM
  • "iPhone 5S Will Come In Gold As Well As Black And White [Rumor]?Cult of Mac?8:22 AM
  • "Industrial and Commercial Times: parts suppliers of Apple, shipping a lot of parts of the low-cost version of iPhone in early June, released in August-September?"?Google Japanese-to-English: Macotakara?7:54 AM
  • "Rumor: Apple suppliers now shipping 'large number' of parts for low-cost iPhone"?AppleInsider?7:55 AM
  • "Rumor: Apple's inexpensive iPhone to adopt colors from iPhone 4 Bumpers"?AppleInsider?7:55 AM
  • "US assembly of Apple's new Mac Pro to be handled by Flextronics - report"?AppleInsider?8:48 AM
  • "Apple's Mac Pro to Be Assembled by Flextronics in Fort Worth, Texas?"?MacRumors?10:04 AM
  • "Apple prepares to license official, iOS 7 compatible game controllers"?Digital Trends?8:23 AM
  • "Game change: iOS 7 welcoming game controllers is a big deal"?CNET Reviews?9:24 AM
  • "Apple working with Logitech and Moga for MFi game controllers, details framework at WWDC"?AppleInsider?5:23 PM
  • "Apple unlocks full Notification Center access & much more for Bluetooth LE devices in iOS 7"?9 to 5 Mac?11:33 AM
  • "New in iOS 7: redeem iTunes cards with your iPhone's iSight camera"?iDownload Blog?9:23 AM
  • "Redeem iTunes cards using camera in iOS 7"?9 to 5 Mac?8:27 AM
  • "Apple's iOS 7 Compatibility: Supported Devices And Features"?App Advice?8:55 AM
  • "OS X Mavericks Includes Giant Wallpaper For 27-Inch Retina Displays"?Cult of Mac?9:34 AM
Apple Patent Applications
  • "Apple Invents a New Tablet Cover that may be aimed at iBooks"?Patently Apple?8:02 AM
  • "Apple Tweaks Important Wearable Computer Patent"?Patently Apple?7:42 AM
  • "New Patent Tweak Suggests Apple Will Beat Samsung In Health"?Forbes?8:06 AM
  • "Apple simplifies their Spiral Interface for iTunes"?Patently Apple?7:42 AM
  • "Apple files patent involving user interface for media playback"?AppleDailyReport?7:53 AM
  • "Apple patent filing involves controlling a media system using a remote control"?AppleDailyReport?7:53 AM
  • "Apple working on a method and user interface for accessing groups of media assets"?AppleDailyReport?7:53 AM
AppleCare/Helps
  • "MacBook Air Flash Storage Firmware Update 1.0: Update reappears in Software Update after installing"?Apple Support?11:30 AM
  • "MacBook Air (13-inch, Mid 2013): Keyboard and Trackpad may stop functioning during Windows 8 install"?Apple Support?9:55 AM
Price Trackers/Deals
  • "Fury of the Gods For iPhone And iPad Is Temporarily Available For Free (Normally $0.99)"?Apple Sliced?9:44 AM
  • "Always Up! Pro For iPhone And iPad Is Free Right Now (Previously $0.99)"?Apple Sliced?9:44 AM
  • "Block vs Block For iPhone And iPad Is Free Today (Was $1.99)"?Apple Sliced?9:44 AM
  • "Mac mini Prices & Sales"?MacPrices?7:51 AM
  • "13" MacBook Pro Prices & Sales"?MacPrices?7:51 AM
  • "MacBook Air Prices & Sales"?MacPrices?7:51 AM
  • "Refurbished MacBook Air Prices Cut, Now from $749"?FairerPlatform?7:52 AM
  • "PadGadget Daily App Deal ? 7 iPad Apps on Sale"?PadGadget?9:22 AM

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Reviews
  • "MacBook Air (2013) review: 11-inch and 13-inch MacBook Air tested"?Macworld UK?10:08 AM
  • "Hands-on with Apple's new MacBook Air: Finally, the ultimate thin-and-light laptop? Maybe. Just maybe."?Fortune?8:12 AM
  • "Review: Magnus iPad stand offers sleek design, limited positions"?Macworld?8:38 AM
  • "Meopta MeoPix iScoping AdapterZooma Zooma BinoculaRating: 8/10 Excellent, with room to kvetch/There are a lot of accessories out there for iPhone cameras: fisheye lenses, tripods, color filters. The mighty Olloclip is a big favorite."?Wired?8:13 AM
  • "Review: Pure Gear Slim Shell Case for Samsung Galaxy S4"?Run Around Tech?8:53 AM
  • "This outdoor system is one (Turtle) Shell of a wireless speaker"?AppleDailyReport?7:42 AM
iPad/iPhone/iPod touch Apps
  • "iOS 7: Siri + Voice Control Article"?iLounge?8:51 AM
  • "First look: Hands-on with iOS 7"?Macworld?8:38 AM
  • "'Plants vs. Zombies 2' Is a Sequel Worth the Wait"?Mashable?8:24 AM
  • "Plants Vs Zombies Garden Warfare preview"?T3?8:27 AM
  • "Kindom Rush Frontiers review: Not much new, but still fantastic"?CNET Reviews?1:36 PM
  • "LINE for iOS gets themes, an in-app browser and support for German, Italian and Portuguese"?The Next Web?8:19 AM
  • "Over: It's How To Drop Text Over Your iPhone's Photos Before You Share Them Online"?Mac 360?7:51 AM
  • "Avengers Alliance Review"?Mac|Life?1:39 PM
  • "Avengers Alliance Review: One of Facebook's most popular superhero games comes to iOS, albeit with a couple of nagging issues."?148Apps?10:08 AM
  • "Thesaurus Rex Review: Without a doubt the best thesaurus app available, combining offline access with an incredibly comprehensive feature-set."?148Apps?8:51 AM
  • "Bucketz Ride HD Review: Throwing rocks into moving buckets with faces has never been quite so much fun, no matter how weird it may sound!"?148Apps?9:34 AM
  • "DWD Review: DWD is a gorgeous game with a disappointing lack of genuine entertainment."?148Apps?11:32 AM
How-To/Tutorial
  • "Set up a kid-friendly iPad"?Macworld?8:39 AM
Tips
  • "Will iOS 7 make my old iPhone like new? CNET's Marguerite Reardon offers some insight on whether Apple's revamped iOS operating system will breathe new life into your old iPhone."?CNET News?8:05 AM
  • "How Apple's New Mac Pro Aims to Spark Third Party Thunderbolt Market"?ResExcellence?5:51 PM
  • "Ex-NeXT Developer: Steve Jobs 'Would Have Died Before Giving In To The NSA'"?Cult of Mac?1:39 PM
  • "With cheaper iPhone, Apple to break out iPod segmentation model"?ZDNet?1:39 PM
  • "WWDC: Peter Kelly Forsakes Android for Joys of iPad Coding"?The Mac Observer?1:32 PM
  • "WWDC Special Report: Schiller's Bad Ass Moment, Ive's Simple Magic & Federighi's Humorous Knockout Punch"?Patently Apple?1:28 PM
  • "Today Tab In iOS 7 Notification Center Works A Lot Like Google Now"?Redmond Pie?11:32 AM
  • "Notes on the New Mac Pro ? Details We Now Know"?Architosh?10:46 AM
  • "Mac Pro 'Astounding', MacBook Air 'Awesome' - WWDC developers react"?Macworld UK?10:11 AM
  • "The Macalope: So much wrong"?Macworld?10:04 AM
  • "iOS 7 and Kerberos Single Sign-On (SSO)"?Lou Miranda?10:03 AM
  • "Original Mac GUI artist thinks new 'flat' iOS 7 icons are A-OK"?Ars Technica?10:54 AM
  • "Design expert on iOS 7: The critics just don't get it"?BGR?10:01 AM
  • "3D Printing Needs Apple And Apple Needs 3D Printing"?Seeking Alpha?9:33 AM
  • "Eddy Cue: did Apple's 'Mr. Fix-It' fix ebook prices? DOJ has called Apple exec Eddy Cue the 'ringleader' of price-fixing conspiracy"?The Verge?9:22 AM
  • "The Steve Jobs smoking gun email that wasn't"?TUAW?8:51 AM
  • "DOJ Points to Draft Email as Proof of Apple Ebook Price Fixing"?The Mac Observer?8:47 AM
  • "Airport Extreme Teardown: Hack This Router With Your Own Hard Drive"?Gizmodo?8:27 AM
  • "Designer of the original Mac icon (and many others) gives thumbs-up to iOS 7"?9 to 5 Mac?8:27 AM
  • "Could A Gold iPhone 5S Really Be In The Cards?"?App Advice?8:21 AM
  • "How Apple's iPhone Home Screen Has Changed Over The Years"?App Advice?8:21 AM
  • "The WWDC keynote was great, though I was hoping for improvements to Apple ID management"?AppleDailyReport?7:53 AM
  • "Is Apple going big with the iPhone while others go small?"?ZDNet?9:23 AM
  • "If the 5.7 inch iPhone 6 rumor is true, I'll buy one ? and eat it"?Stabley Times?7:52 AM
  • "Microsoft's Problem With The Truth And Those Distorted 'Digging' TV Ads vs. The iPhone"?Mac 360?7:51 AM
  • "Apple's Biggest Secret Is Hiding In Plain Sight"?Mac 360?7:51 AM
  • "Why does the design of iOS 7 look so different?"?The Next Web?8:55 AM
  • "Cassandra -WWDC (4): iOS 7, Federighi, Cue, Federighi, Cook and Close"?eXtensions?8:47 AM
  • "Three iOS 7 features to look forward to"?Macworld?1:39 PM
  • "Top 10 iOS 7 Features"?Tapscape?7:42 AM
Non-Apple
  • "Why Google never needs to make a dime from Android device sales"?BGR?5:07 PM
  • "Haswell-Infused Alienware X51 R2 SFF Game PC"?HotHardware?11:29 AM
  • "Cassandra -PRISM and Copyright"?eXtensions?11:29 AM
  • "The question no one's asking: how secure is PRISM?"?Memeburn?8:27 AM
  • "Why 'I Have Nothing to Hide' Is the Wrong Way to Think About Surveillance"?Wired?8:09 AM
  • "IBM Layoffs Having Dramatic Affects Across North America"?WebProNews?8:12 AM
  • "Layoffs wrack IBM; 1300 workers cut from US workforce, 8000 coming"?Electronista?5:49 PM
  • "IBM employee axe cuts away 1,300 staff/Summary: In order to cut costs, U.S. employees of IBM from management to entry-level have been made redundant."?ZDNet?8:11 AM
  • "IBM's $1bn layoffs latest: Now axe swings in US, Canada - reports"?The Register?8:10 AM
  • "IBM layoffs coming, could be as many as 8,000"?ABC 7 Chicago?8:09 AM
  • "IBM Layoffs Put Workers on Edge ? Communities, Unions, Too"?Newsmax?8:09 AM
  • "IBM tells Vegas crowd: Software-defined? Yeah, we're all about that/Storage buzzword bonanza in gamers' paradise"?The Register?8:11 AM
  • "10 Things IBM is Teaching the World About Winning in the Next Decade"?Forbes?8:11 AM
  • "HP bucks Microsoft, will promote Google Apps to small businesses"?BGR?7:08 AM
  • "Google creeps up on Microsoft at HP: Now office apps/Hewlett-Packard announces its entry into the Google Apps Reseller program as it cozies up to Google in business."?CNET News?7:30 AM
  • "Daily Report: Intel Aims to Remake the TV Landscape"?New York Times [Free/Paid Registration Required]?7:43 AM
  • "Gatekeepers of Cable TV Try to Stop Intel"?New York Times [Free/Paid Registration Required]?7:28 AM
  • "Intel wants to create virtual cable service, a multibillion-dollar barricade"?New York Times?8:06 AM
  • "Here Is the Intel Roadmap for 2013 and 2014"?Softpedia?8:06 AM
  • "How Much Is Intel Spending To Beat Physics?"?Seeking Alpha?12:29 PM
  • "Intel and AMD are the real winners at WWDC 2013"?ITProPortal?7:30 AM
  • "AMD A10-6800K (Richland) APU Review"?KitGuru?8:04 AM
  • "AMD Races In Front With The First 5GHz Processor With Eight Cores"?eWeek?8:05 AM
  • "Microsoft to open Windows stores within Best Buy"?Reuters?12:18 PM
  • "Microsoft To Set Up Windows Stores In 600 Best Buy Locations, Launching This Summer"?TechCrunch?2:21 PM
  • "Microsoft's Reorganization Plan Close to Completion ? Report"?Softpedia?8:19 AM
  • "Microsoft defends Xbox One, says people don't like change"?TG Daily?11:09 AM
  • "Microsoft botnet smackdown 'caused collateral damage, failed to kill target'"?The Register?8:15 AM
  • "Local government software report reopens the case on Microsoft domination"?ComputerWeekly?8:15 AM
  • "Bill Gates Joins LinkedIn"?Mashable?8:19 AM
  • "Dell Appoints Former IBM Executive as India Head"?WSJ.com [Paid Membership Required]?8:30 AM
  • "Dell India names Alok Ohrie as president and MD"?IndiaTimes?7:58 AM
  • "Dell Commits to 100% Waste-Free Packaging by 2020"?The Dieline?7:59 AM
  • "Haswell-Infused Alienware X51 R2 SFF Game PC"?HotHardware?12:30 PM
  • "Hewlett-Packard India gets stay order in $386 mn alleged duty evasion case"?Financial Express?8:00 AM
  • "New Style IT Brings on a New Stype HP"?eWeek?8:00 AM
  • "Hewlett-Packard's R&D spending cut to fraction of industry norms"?Business Mirror?8:01 AM
  • "IBM in new round of layoffs: About 1,300 employees so far, says worker group"?Computerworld?7:16 AM
  • "Oracle announces public release of HTML5-focused Java EE 7"?ITProPortal?8:18 AM
  • "Oracle's Java EE 7 eyes on HTML5 development: Delays and dropped features notwithstanding, the release is 'expansive,' according to one analyst"?TechCentral.ie?8:18 AM
  • "Oracle releases Java 7 EE with HTML 5 and web socket support: Removes clutter for developers"?The Inquirer?8:18 AM
  • "Oracle Looks To HTML5 With Java EE 7 Release: Oracle has added support for HTML5 development, as well as new enterprise features in the Java EE 7 release"?TechWeekEurope?8:18 AM
  • "License To Code - Java EE 7 Is Released"?I Programmer?8:17 AM
  • "Price War Coming to the Notebook Market"?Softpedia?8:06 AM
  • "Notebook ODMs bracing for price war"?DigiTimes?8:36 AM
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Source: http://www.macsurfer.com/redirr.php?u=790063

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Official Cloud Print app hits Google Play, streamlines your wireless printing needs

DNP Google Cloud Print for Android

The official Cloud Print app has finally been released on Google Play, possibly rendering the third-party apps you've relied on over the years superfluous. Using the standalone software will likely be a familiar affair if you've ever printed via mobile devices in the past. Just choose a file saved on your phone, tablet or the cloud, and it'll make its merry way to your Cloud Print-ready device. Note that your photo or document still has to be funneled through your computer if you use a classic, wired printer.Head over to Google Play via the source link below to give Cloud Print a spin.

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Via: Droid Life

Source: Google Play

Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/06/13/cloud-print-app-google-play/?utm_medium=feed&utm_source=Feed_Classic&utm_campaign=Engadget

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Understanding the heart's rhythm

June 11, 2013 ? The heart's regular rhythm is crucial to the delivery of oxygenated blood and nutrients to all the organs of the body. It is regulated by a bundle of cells called "the pacemaker," which use electrical signals to set the pace of the heart. Dysfunction in this mechanism can lead to an irregular heartbeat, known as arrhythmia, and often necessitates the implantation of an artificial pacemaker.

Previously, scientists found that many cases of inherited arrhythmias originating in the pacemaker could be attributed to functional defects in the channels responsible for the flow of sodium and calcium. Now Prof. Bernard Attali of Tel Aviv University's Sackler Faculty of Medicine and his fellow researchers have discovered a previously unidentified potassium channel in the cardiac pacemaker which helps to regulate the heartbeat. He hypothesizes that some cases of unexplained arrhythmia could be traced back to irregularities in this channel.

Developing therapies to target this potassium channel could be a significant step towards circumventing artificial pacemakers in favor of biological options, says Prof. Attali. This research has been reported in the journal PNAS.

A cellular heart model

To further investigate the workings of the biological pacemaker, Prof. Attali and his fellow researchers turned to embryonic stem cells isolated from human subjects. Once coaxed into differentiating into cardiac tissue, these cells began to beat automatically, like a small human heart.

While observing and recording the cells' electrical activity, researchers discovered the existence of a new channel in the pacemaker. Facilitating the flow of potassium from the pacemaker cells, this channel triggers the repolarization of the cells -- returning the cell membrane from a "beating" to a "resting" state -- and automatically renews or "restarts" the cycling of the heart.

Since discovering this channel in the embryonic heart, the researchers have shown that the channel exists in the adult heart as well. This finding deepens medicine's understanding of the heart's pacemaker function, which has been the subject of scientific research for over a century.

Screening for mutations

The next step is to conduct screening for mutations in the gene encoding the potassium channel, a process already underway at the TAU-affiliated Sheba Medical Center. "We would like to understand if there are genetic diseases linked to this channel," such as a previously unknown cause of arrhythmia, explains Prof. Attali. If a mutation is found, researchers can begin the hunt for drug compounds, which target this channel. The ultimate goal, he adds, is to be able to treat heart arrhythmias biologically by altering the properties of the pacemaker bundle, rather than relying on a human-made electric pacemaker.

One possible solution could be transplanting healthy pacemaker cells -- developed from a patient's own stem cells -- to replace dysfunctional cells and restore proper heart rhythm. This method would circumvent a common risk of the body rejecting a mechanical transplant.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/u_8MrtbcoXU/130611122105.htm

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This Gigantic 5 MW Battery Can Power a Village

This Gigantic 5 MW Battery Can Power a Village

Wiring everyone up to a single power grid is all well and good?until there's an outage. But what if we could mitigate outages by supplementing the one big grid with lots of smaller ones powered by renewable energy? The Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration Project aims to find out.

Read more...

    


Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/hJnbiYlSbBU/this-gigantic-5-mw-battery-can-power-a-village-511995693

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Wednesday, June 12, 2013

Video gamers really do see more: Gamers capture more information faster for visual decision-making

June 11, 2013 ? Hours spent at the video gaming console not only train a player's hands to work the buttons on the controller, they probably also train the brain to make better and faster use of visual input, according to Duke University researchers.

"Gamers see the world differently," said Greg Appelbaum, an assistant professor of psychiatry in the Duke School of Medicine. "They are able to extract more information from a visual scene."

It can be difficult to find non-gamers among college students these days, but from among a pool of subjects participating in a much larger study in Stephen Mitroff's Visual Cognition Lab at Duke, the researchers found 125 participants who were either non-gamers or very intensive gamers.

Each participant was run though a visual sensory memory task that flashed a circular arrangement of eight letters for just one-tenth of a second. After a delay ranging from 13 milliseconds to 2.5 seconds, an arrow appeared, pointing to one spot on the circle where a letter had been. Participants were asked to identify which letter had been in that spot.

At every time interval, intensive players of action video games outperformed non-gamers in recalling the letter.

Earlier research by others has found that gamers are quicker at responding to visual stimuli and can track more items than non-gamers. When playing a game, especially one of the "first-person shooters," a gamer makes "probabilistic inferences" about what he's seeing -- good guy or bad guy, moving left or moving right -- as rapidly as he can.

Appelbaum said that with time and experience, the gamer apparently gets better at doing this. "They need less information to arrive at a probabilistic conclusion, and they do it faster."

Both groups experienced a rapid decay in memory of what the letters had been, but the gamers outperformed the non-gamers at every time interval.

The visual system sifts information out from what the eyes are seeing, and data that isn't used decays quite rapidly, Appelbaum said. Gamers discard the unused stuff just about as fast as everyone else, but they appear to be starting with more information to begin with.

The researchers examined three possible reasons for the gamers' apparently superior ability to make probabilistic inferences. Either they see better, they retain visual memory longer or they've improved their decision-making.

Looking at these results, Applebaum said, it appears that prolonged memory retention isn't the reason. But the other two factors might both be in play -- it is possible that the gamers see more immediately, and they are better able make better correct decisions from the information they have available.

To get at this question, the researchers will need more data from brainwaves and MRI imagery to see where the brains of gamers have been trained to perform differently on visual tasks.

This study, which appears in the June edition of the journal Attention, Perception and Psychophysics, was supported by grants from the Army Research Office (54528LS), the Department of Homeland Security (HSHQDC-08-C-00100), DARPA (D12AP00025-002) and Nike Inc.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_technology/~3/IMlkOJSAjcc/130611161943.htm

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Tuesday, June 11, 2013

Old Mars rover makes rock discovery

Nasa's ageing Opportunity rover on Mars has just made what may be one of its most significant discoveries to date.

The nine-year-old robot has identified rock laden with what scientists believe to be clay minerals.

Their presence is an indication that the rock, dubbed Esperance, has been altered at some point in the past through prolonged contact with water.

Opportunity has seen a clay-bearing outcrop before but scientists say this is by far the best example to date.

"It's very rich," said Steve Squyres, the rover's principal investigator.

"We've been discovering evidence for water on Mars since we first landed back in 2004. What's different here?

"If you look at all of the water-related discoveries that have been made by Opportunity, the vast majority of them point to water that was a very low pH - it was acid.

"We run around talking about water on Mars. In fact, what Opportunity has mostly discovered, or found evidence for, was sulphuric acid.

"Clay minerals only tend to form at a more neutral pH. This is water you could drink. This is water that was much more favourable for things like pre-biotic chemistry - the kind of chemistry that could lead to the origin of life."

Prof Squyres, who is affiliated to Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, said he was inclined to put Esperance in his personal top five discoveries made on the Red Planet by Opportunity and her twin rover, Spirit, which stopped working in 2011.

The clays are aluminium-rich, possibly of the type montmorillonite. However, because Opportunity's X-ray spectrometer can only discern the atomic elements in a rock, and not their mineralogical arrangement, no-one can say for sure.

Nonetheless, the mere occurrence of clays is further proof that Mars was much warmer and wetter billions of years ago; a very different place to the cold, desiccated world it has become.

And these results complement nicely those of Nasa's newer rover Curiosity, which has also identified clays at its landing site almost half-way around the planet's equator.

The old robot made its find at a location called Cape York, which is sited on the rim of a 22km-wide crater known as Endurance.

Mission managers have now commanded it to start moving along the ridge to a destination dubbed Solander Point.

There is an expectation that Opportunity will find a deeper stack of rocks at the new location to follow up the Esperance water story.

Continue reading the main story

Exploring Mars: Timeline

  • 1965: First detailed images of Mars returned after successful flyby of Mariner 4
  • 2005: Radar data reveals the presence of large quantities of water-ice on the planet
  • 2007: The Mars Exploration rovers confirm that water once existed at the surface
  • 2012: The Curiosity rover drills into rocks at Mars' Gale Crater and analyses their composition
  • 2013: Clay minerals are identified by the Curiosity and Opportunity rovers

Source: BBC Science

"Maybe [we can] try to reconstruct the actual depositional environment of these materials and whether they were lacustrine - that is, formed by a lake - or fluvial (river) or an alluvial fan (network of streams), or whatever," said deputy principal investigator Ray Arvidson, of Washington University, St Louis.

'Daily gift'

Opportunity is now operating well beyond its expected lifetime.

When it landed at Eagle Crater in January 2004, Nasa hoped to get at least 90 working Martian days (sols) from the machine. Remarkably, it continues to roll beyond 3,300 sols.

It has an "arthritic" robotic arm, its solar panels are losing efficiency, and it drives backwards to save wear on its locomotion system.

It is also now having to contend with glitchy flash memory. But the US space agency is determined to keep pushing the vehicle for as long as possible.

"Remember, the rover continues in a very hostile environment on Mars," said John Callas, Nasa's Opportunity project manager.

"The rover could have a catastrophic failure at any moment. So, each day is a gift."

Jonathan.Amos-INTERNET@bbc.co.uk and follow me on Twitter: @BBCAmos

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22832673#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa

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Microsoft prices Xbox at $499 for November launch

Mad Men episode titles have been especially literal this season, haven't they? "Favors," last night's episode, falls in the same naming vein as the previous week's "A Tale of Two Cities," in which the allusions are evident from the start. Can people do things for other people without expectations in return? What's in a favor, anyway? (Plenty.)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/microsoft-prices-xbox-499-november-launch-203743616.html

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